Quick answer

Descale your espresso machine every 2–3 months if you use it daily, or sooner if you notice scale or slow flow. Clean the group head and portafilter after every session, and backflush weekly with water and a backflush disc. Always use a descaling solution made for espresso machines, never vinegar, and rinse thoroughly before brewing again.

Why descaling matters more than you think

Mineral scale builds up inside your machine’s boiler, thermoblock, and water lines. Left alone, it restricts flow, throws off temperature, and can shorten the life of your espresso machine. The good news: descaling is a straightforward maintenance task you can do at home with the right supplies and a little patience. If you have a Breville espresso machine, the process is similar across models, though always check your manual for model-specific instructions.

What you’ll need before you start

Gather these items so you’re not scrambling mid-clean: a descaling solution for espresso machine (citric-acid or proprietary formula), a large bowl or sink, a soft bristle brush, a microfiber cloth, and fresh water. For backflushing, you’ll also need a backflush disc (often called a blind basket) and possibly a group head brush. If your machine has a removable water tank, empty it before you begin.

Step-by-step descaling and cleaning process

  1. 1. Prep your machine and workspace: Turn off and unplug the machine. Remove the portafilter, water tank, and any removable parts. Empty the drip tray and set aside a large bowl or place the machine near a sink. If your machine has a dedicated descaling mode, activate it now per the manual. Checkpoint: Never descale a hot machine; let it cool completely to avoid burns and damage.
  2. 2. Mix the descaling solution: Prepare the descaling solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Use a solution specifically designed for espresso machines—not vinegar, which can damage seals and leave odors. Pour the mixture into the water tank. Common mistake: Using too much or too little solution; stick to the ratio on the label.
  3. 3. Run the descaling cycle: Place a large container under the group head and steam wand. Start the descaling cycle if available; otherwise, run the machine as if brewing and let the solution flow through the group head and steam wand in short bursts. Alternate between the group head and steam wand to descale both paths. Let the machine sit for the recommended time (often 20–30 minutes) to let the solution work. Checkpoint: If your machine has a steam wand, don’t forget to run solution through it; scale builds up there too.
  4. 4. Rinse thoroughly: Empty the water tank and rinse it well. Fill with fresh water and run several cycles through the group head and steam wand, discarding the water. Repeat until the water runs clear and tastes neutral. This may take 2–3 full tanks. Common mistake: Skipping the final rinse; residual solution can affect taste and harm internal components.
  5. 5. Backflush the group head (if applicable): For machines with a three-way solenoid valve, insert a backflush disc into the portafilter and lock it in. Run the pump for 10 seconds, then stop for 10 seconds; repeat 5 times with water. For a deeper clean, use a backflushing detergent once a month, then repeat the water-only backflush to rinse. Checkpoint: Backflushing is not for all machines; check your manual. If unsure, skip this step.
  6. 6. Clean the group head, portafilter, and basket: Remove the shower screen if possible and scrub it with a soft brush and warm water. Wipe the group head gasket with a damp cloth. Wash the portafilter and basket with warm water and a mild detergent, then rinse and dry. Use a group head brush to scrub away coffee oils. Common mistake: Soaking aluminum parts in detergent; it can discolor them.
  7. 7. Clean the steam wand: Remove the steam wand tip if it’s removable. Soak it in warm water with a little detergent to dissolve milk residue. Use a small brush or pin to clear the holes. Wipe the wand with a damp cloth and purge it briefly before the next use. Checkpoint: Clogged steam wand holes lead to weak steam; clean them regularly.

Machines that benefit from regular descaling

  • the Barista Touch™: the Barista TouchTM has a ThermoJet heating system with a 3-second heat-up time and an integrated grinder. Fast heating and an integrated grinder mean you’ll use it often, so scale can build up quickly; sticking to a descaling schedule protects the heating system and keeps shots tasting consistent.
  • Vertuo Next Deluxe Bundle: vertuo-next-deluxe-12307">Vertuo Next Deluxe Bundle connects to WiFi and Bluetooth to keep its software up-to-date. Connected machines may offer descaling alerts or guided routines through the app, making it easier to remember when maintenance is due.